The Melanin Theory

Melanin theorists purport that black people are more superior to the whites (Cashmore and Jennings 181) because they have greater quantities of melanin. They attribute whites’ alleged â€Å"inhumanity† and â€Å"inferiority† to lack of melanin. Melanin theorists also maintain that melanin bestows upon people of color some superhuman abilities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Melanin Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The theorists are unanimous that melanin is both a superconductor and a semiconductor. They contend that melanin can absorb electromagnetic radiation and is capable of converting light and magnetic fields to sound. To these theorists, â€Å"melanin can process information without reporting to the brain because it is the chemical basis of the soul† (Barnes 88). The presence of neuromelanin in a human brain’s substantia nigra aids in transmission of neuronal impulses. The proponents of the melanin theory also advance that â€Å"higher levels of melanin in the skin enable nerve synapses to fire more quickly and efficiently† (Barnes 90). This element underscores the black men’s athleticism. These theorists also believe, â€Å"The lower incidence of Parkinson’s diseases among the Blacks is due to the high hypodermic melanin levels in their skin, which acts as a preventative against development of the diseases† (Irving 315). However, the melanin theory is a stereotype for it has no scientific backing to prove its claims as expounded in this paper. The architects of this theory believe that white people are mutants and that whiter skin is a form of albinism with the likes of Wade Nobles opining that â€Å"Blacks are fully human because of their higher levels of skin melanin† (Cashmore and Jennings 116). In addition, Nobles holds that the â€Å"central nervous system and the essential melanic system make on e a full human† (Cashmore and Jennings 116). Therefore, to be human is to be black. Frances Welsing coined the idea of hue-man instead of human to â€Å"illuminate the existing inherent and behavioral differences between black and white people† (Welsing The Isis Papers 200).Advertising Looking for essay on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Barnes, another Melanin theorist, states that melanin â€Å"is responsible for civilization, philosophy, religion, truth, justice, and righteousness, and that is why the whites behave in a barbaric manner† (81). He further adduces that melanin’s ability to absorb frequencies enhances the black man’s ability to feel his surroundings. In the eyes of the people of color, whites are rigid, cold, unfeeling, and calculating because their skins have lower levels of melanin. In addition, some theorists relate the pigment melanin with intelligence and creativi ty. Europeans being the â€Å"ice-people† are therefore born cold and greedy, militaristic, and authoritarian. Frances Welsing also purports, â€Å"The prevalence of high blood pressure among African Americans is due to the fact that melanin picks up energy vibrations from people who are stressed up† (Welsing Blacks hypertension 65). Dark skinned people therefore absorb stress in others hence stand higher chances of experiencing high blood pressure. Barnes also purported that white scientists created drugs like cocaine among others, which chemically bind with melanin by the mere fact that they are both alkaloids, hence the high likelihood of black people getting addicted faster or even stay addicted for longer. Barnes argues, â€Å"The blacks can test positive for Cocaine even after a year has elapsed courtesy of cocaine’s ability to co-polymerize into melanin† (18). Some of the arguments advanced by Melanin Theorists like Barnes that the whites deliberat ely created drugs like cocaine, which have high affinity for melanin, to make the black people get addicted faster and for longer cannot be factual. No one disputes that â€Å"melanin binds with cocaine; however, skin melanin cannot be linked to the mechanism of addiction† (Mieczkowski and Kruger 6). An argument to the effect that in circumstances when hair has been used to test drug use, â€Å"people with darker hair are more likely to test positive for cocaine use because cocaine has high affinity for melanin, is not true because even the whites with dark hair can test positive for the same† (Mieczkowski and Kruger 8).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Melanin Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Barnes’ accusation of the white scientists has no element of absolutism because so far, there is no evidence that points to white conspiracy to compound addictive substances that target the b lacks. However, people should not forget that there exists an established link between an aspect of melanin-related biology and substance addiction, especially the melanin found in the brain. Drug addiction is facilitated by complex neuronal processes that converge on the shell of nucleus accumbens that receive inputs from the lateral hypothalamus. Melanin concentrating hormone is produced from the lateral hypothalamus. Regardless of the fact that the mechanism for nicotine addiction has not been fully understood, â€Å"melanin has a biochemical affinity for nicotine and that the greater the amount of melanin an individual may be having the harder it can be for him or her to quit smoking† (Mieczkowski and Kruger 11). People who become dark skinned due to sun tanning, irrespective of whether they are black or white, are at risk of developing nicotine addiction. Welsing’s claim that â€Å"dark skinned people absorb the stress in others resulting in high blood pressureâ €  (Blacks hypertension 65) cannot entirely be true if scientific studies that have been conducted in this field are anything to go by. Science has for sure linked blacks to norepinephrine. The bodies of human beings produce this substance when subjected to certain levels of stress. This substance constricts blood vessels, but whites and blacks exhibit elevated blood pressure when subjected to pressure. Melanin theorists stir fallacious thinking, as some of the reasons they advance are full of logical fallacies and accepting them in totality leads to error in thinking hence fictitious characterization of science. While trying to support the truth of their opinions, melanin theorists seemingly resign to their views. They think that their entitlement is indispensable for the truth of the argument. They never seem to realize that â€Å"their entitlement to their opinions has no consequence for scientific truth neither does it validate the views they express† (White and Billin g 191). Their entitlement is not backed with evidence.Advertising Looking for essay on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The theorists’ assertion that possession of greater quantities of melanin makes black people superior and that its lack is a pointer as to why the whites are inhuman and inferior is not backed with any evidence to that effect. Some of their arguments are indeed a distortion of scientific facts. The theory therefore has no credibility in mainstream science. Human rights and entitlements cannot be used to support a view, as the focus will shift from scientific evidence to human rights. Being entitled to a given opinion in scientific discourses can only be equated to being wrong especially when there are no facts, evidences, and reason to support such opinions. Only data and evidence can make an opinion correct. Evidences adduced should be independent of one’s view. The proponents of this pseudoscientific theory have committed the fallacy of argument to ignorance. Apparently, they have a belief that things have to be true because they have not been proved otherwise. They are oblivious of the fact that inability to prove a claim â€Å"does not necessarily mean that the claim is true† (White and Billing 181). Look at it this way, an individual can claim that s/he is capable of running 100m sprint in less than 3 seconds. However, if s/he refuses to be tested in a race, â€Å"people’s inability to falsify the claim does not make the claim true by default; moreover, the fact that no scientific study has associated melanin to creativity and intelligence does not give melanin theorists license to posit that melanin is the source of intelligence and creativity† (White and Billing 181). Moreover, this does not qualify them to assert that â€Å"ice-people† are cold and greedy, militaristic, and authoritarian because they were born melanin-deficient. Carol Barnes also commits the fallacy of argument to ignorance by asserting, â€Å"Melanin is responsible for civilization, philosophy, religion, truth, justice, and righteousness† (Barnes 81). In fact, no scientific study has illuminated this; however, the absence of any evidence cannot make such sentiments true. Melanin theorists also commit the fallacy of generalization by suggesting that black people are proficient in athletics because they have higher amounts of melanin in their skin. Across the world, many athletes are successful, but they are not black. It is also wrong to think that melanin is responsible for civilization, philosophy, religion, truth, justice, and righteousness. In the contemporary world, there exist many uncivilized and unrighteous blacks in spite of having elevated melanin levels in their skins. Barnes, one of the ardent Melanin theorists, asserts that melanin â€Å"gives human beings the ability to feel because it is the absorber of all frequencies of energy† (81). Barnes advances that white people are perceived by people of color as being rigid, heartless, and cold because they have least amounts of melanin. The burden of truth lies with Barnes with regard to proving her assertions. She never tells why she thinks that black skinned people can never be rigid, heartless, and cold. Her sentiments are mere assertions, as she never uses science to support her position with positive evidence. In conclusion, melanin theorists propagate the misconception that Blacks are superior to Whites because the former have higher melanin levels in their skin than the latter. Apparently, according to these theorists, the presence of high melanin levels in Blacks underscores their athleticism and resistance to the Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, Blacks are purportedly more human by the virtue of having high melanin levels; actually, to be human is to be black according to melanin theorists. In a twist of argument, melanin theorists explain that Blacks are prone to hypertension and high stress levels because their melanin absorbs stress from their surroundings. Moreover, Blacks are prone to drug addiction because m elanin has high affinity for drugs like cocaine. However, these arguments are full of assumptions and fallacies for lack of scientific proof. Therefore, these theorists commit the fallacy of argument to ignorance, fallacy of generalization, and fallacy of appeal to authority. For instance, they commit the fallacy of appeal to spite by portraying the whites as an inferior race. By substituting attack on ethnicity and racism, the theorists are oblivious of fallacy of circumstantial Ad Hominem in their arguments. Works Cited Barnes, Carol. Melanin: The Chemical Key to Black Greatness. New York: Lushena Books, 2001. Print. Cashmore, Ernest, and James Jennings. Racism: essential readings. New York: Sage, 2001. Print. Irving, Kessler. â€Å"Epidemiologic Studies of Parkinson’s Disease: II. A Hospital-based Survey.† American Journal of Epidemiology 95.16 (1972): 308-318. Print. Mieczkowski, Tom, and Michael Kruger. â€Å"Interpreting the color effect of melanin on Cocaine an d benzoylecgonine assays for hair analysis: Brown and black samples compared.† Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 14.1 (2007): 7–15. Print. Welsing, Frances. â€Å"Blacks, hypertension, and the active skin melanocyte†. Urban Health  4.3 (1975): 64–72. Print. Welsing, Frances. The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors. New York: Third World Press, 1990. Print. White, Fred, and Simone Billing. The Well Crafted Argument. New York: Cengage, 2010. Print. This essay on The Melanin Theory was written and submitted by user Spencer L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

HPM Program Essay Sample

HPM Program Essay SampleAn HPM program essay sample is a learning tool that can help a student who is just beginning to learn the language of HPM programs. In order to speak about the more complex subjects of HPM programs, such as programming, you need to be able to learn how to write properly in HPM.While many students are taught how to program in BASIC when they first start a computer class, HPM does not use a simple language as a first programming language. Programs in HPM are usually written in a special type of C++ that is referred to as 'Intermediate programming.' This language is designed to be easier for students to learn than a more simple language, like BASIC, which many classes that teach computers, but it is not as easy as some people think.When you are looking for an HPM program essay sample that will help you with your research, you will find a few things that you will want to be careful about. It is important to remember that the examples in a writing sample may not al ways be accurate or true. If the example is not accurate, it will be much harder for you to take into account when it comes time to write an essay.If you are looking for an HPM program essay sample that will teach you how to write a program properly, you may want to use a program that is much easier to learn than basic C++. The program I recommend is called the 'HPM Tool.' This program can be found online at the website of the Human Powered Computing Lab in Binghamton, New York.A program like the HPM Tool will give you examples of all types of writing that you will need in order to complete an HPM program essay sample and you will need to complete them quickly. The best thing about this is that these examples have been analyzed by an expert, and you will also learn about the grammar and syntax involved in the writing that you will be using in your essay.While it is important to remember that writing an HPM program essay sample will be different from writing a simple essay, you shoul d also remember that you will need to be able to write a program correctly in order to become a good programmer. In order to get this you will need to learn what exactly programming is. Programming is not something that you can read about in a book or watch on television, and therefore you will need to learn this for yourself.To help you learn about programming, you can use the HPM Program Essay Sample. This sample can be very helpful if you are a first-time programmer. The problem with it is that while it is an effective way to get used to programming, it will also help you understand the basics of programming, and you will want to keep looking for better examples as you begin to understand more about programming.There are many sites online that have great programs like the HPM Program Essay Sample that can help you learn about programming, and can help you write a program correctly in order to make sure that you can fully understand and learn about the language of HPM programs. Th ese types of sites are designed to give you the type of program examples that you will need to understand the basics of programming. The best part about using these types of sites is that they are not expensive, and you will find that they will give you great examples that you can easily use in order to write a program essay sample in HPM.

The Forgotten Chinese Holocaust essays

The Forgotten Chinese Holocaust essays Can you imagine your body being an object for experimentation while youre still alive? Thats one of the things the Japanese did to the Chinese during the forgotten holocaust, the Chinese holocaust. Among the universal disputes between many countries, Japanese aggression on the Chinese was one of the worst events in history to ever take place. The Japanese also destroyed many cities of China. Specifically, they destroyed the city of NanJing by conducting mass bombings and remorseless killings. Other examples of Japanese horrific actions against the Chinese happened in a place called Unit 731. During the 1920s, NanJing only had a population of 250,000. However, during the 1930s, the city was highly populated with over one million residents. This increase was a result of the Japanese occupation and countless refugees fleeing to the city from Manchuria and other Chinese areas to the east of NanJing. The city of NanJing was a safe city for the Chinese until Japanese forces advanced towards it from Shanghai on November 11th, 1937. The Japanese planes bombed the wealthy and more populated areas of the city. The most devastating bombing occurred on September 25th, 1937. Its targets were focused upon hospitals with a red cross on the roof, refugee camps, power plants, water works, and radio stations. About 500 bombs were dropped from 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., and as a result, there were over 600 civilian casualties. Â ¹ On November 25th, Japanese forces attacked NanJing from three different directions. The Chinese city soon fell to the Japanese Imperial Army. As the Japanese entered the city, a massacre began which lasted six weeks. During that time, the Chinese were not simply murdered, but were humiliated, and tortured. The Japanese used unthinkable methods of murder. They chased the Chinese into the Yangtze River with machine guns, drowning them. They poured gasoline on people, shot them, and wa...

Understanding the French Expression Pas Mal

Understanding the French Expression Pas Mal The French expression pas mal (pronounced pah-mahl) is a handy phrase to know because you can use it in a variety of ways in casual conversation. Literally translated, it means not bad in English and can be used to respond to common questions such as  Ãƒ §a va? or  comment allez-vous? But pas mal  can also be used as an exclamation of approval, along the lines of nice job, way to go!   Theres also another, completely different way to use pas mal: in reference to a fair amount/number or quite a bit of something. It can be used with nouns, in which case it must be followed by de, as well as with verbs. Note that there is no  ne to go with the pas and that de follows the rules of other adverbs of quantity, meaning that even in front of plural nouns its usually de not des.   Examples Tu las fait en dix minutes? Pas mal! You did it in 10 minutes? Not bad / Way to go!Il gagne pas mal dargent. He earns quite a bit of money.Jai pas mal de questions. I have quite a few / a fair number of questions.Nous avons discutà © pas mal didà ©es. We discussed quite a few ideas.Elle a pas mal voyagà ©. She has traveled quite a bit.Vous allez voir pas mal l-bas. Youre going to see quite a bit over there.

Corporate governance and audit Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Corporate governance and audit - Coursework Example Therefore the government decides to reduce this theory for minimizing the problem of principal agent and also reducing the direct and indirect cost involved for ensuring that the agents behave in accordance with the principles. The report that has been established by the UK committees of corporate governance includes the stakeholder theory that not only generates the wealth of the shareholders but also takes into consideration a wide group of stakeholders. The transaction cost theory that not only emphasizes on the wealth of the shareholders but effective accomplishment of the transactions. a) The scandals of the corporate governance in the light of UK regulatory development can be explained as it facilitates innovation in which it allows the companies to implement new ideas, avoiding of box ticking in which the companies are allowed to complying with the principles and proportionality and long term learning for adopting cultural change in the companies for fulfilling the objectives and principles of corporate governance. b) The main objectives of OECD code of the corporate governance are to improve the institutional, legal and national framework required for the corporate governance. It focuses on improving the growth and development of the companies. The underlying principles of the OECD code of corporate governance are that it serves on the basis of the OECD and non OECD countries of the world. The principles mainly focus on the stock market listed companies that will contribute towards improving the corporate governance of the private companies. The principles deal with the transparent market, efficient market and also well regulated market. The main objective of the shareholder theory is maximization of wealth of the shareholders. The shareholder theory is subjected to minimum regulatory and government intervention in the business operation.

The spread of global communications technology, such as the Internet, Essay

The spread of global communications technology, such as the Internet, has lead to a worrying trend of Westernization in countri - Essay Example The countries, which this growth of the internet has largely influenced, have also experienced an immense degree of westernization in several aspects, especially in culture, politics, and business. These influences however, have been stealthy in their arrival. The people of the countries influenced need to compare their lives with how they were in the past to realize how much of western culture has now become a part of their lives. The most dominant influence is perhaps the influence that has set in on the daily lives and culture of these countries. This includes several aspects of the culture, such as the food, fashion, language and ethics of these countries, each of which now have a ‘modern’ western touch to them, no matter which country the culture belongs to (Abdullah, pp. 22, 2007). While countries and regions are usually famous for their traditional dishes, which people have passed down from generation to generation over decades, some of the most popular foods in t hese countries happen to be fast food, which is prepared in western style. In other words, the food items, which are most common in the west, such as burgers and fried chicken, are now famous throughout the world, both under multinational brand names and local brands. To pin this effect down to the internet entirely may be unfair, as some of these multinational brands were able to penetrate the borders to these countries before the internet was developed to such an extent (Munck and Fagan, pp. 20, 2009). It is however, due to the internet, plus other forms of global communication like internationally televised media, that this sort of food is now amongst the most popular food items across the country. The advertisement that these brands receive through the internet is an effective source of popularity for these multinationals who sell western food to several countries around the globe. Examples of such multinationals, like McDonalds and Kentucky Fried Chicken, both of which are bran ds who have seen immense growth in their international sales ever since this advertisement picked up speed. Not only does this advertisement make consumers in each country eager to try this food, but it also encourages the local suppliers in these countries to produce the same food as competition for these multinationals. These local brands are often a success because they are able to produce food of similar quality but at cheaper prices. This leads to additional promotion of these western foods due to the internet. The media also helps promote these foods as it not only shows commercials for these products, but shows characters on different television shows consuming these foods as a part of their daily lives. This is a significant reason why these western foods gain popularity so fast and become part of the pop culture in several different countries (Mooij and Mooij, pp. 12, 2010). In a similar manner, other aspects of culture like clothing, language, and music have also leaked fr om the US to other countries. They receive promotion on the internet as well as through popular American television shows, which the US televises internationally. In addition, experts have proven a link in between watching satellite television and developing a materialistic mind (Abdullah, pp. 22, 2007). There is a lot of implicit advertisement of brands through these shows. Other than this advertisement that different brands do, there also the simple effect of young impressionable people seeing certain clothes or hearing a

An organisation climate analysis

An organisation climate analysis In this chapter, we will describe the research background which included a clear brief of organization climate, employee engagement, problem statement, research objective, and research question and significant of the research. Research Background The Organization Climate Organization climate usually do not have a clear definition and is simply explained as a perception that every employee in an organization feels, understood and shared (Kouzes, 1993). It is weather that a particular organization is having, reflecting how its system deal with the members. This is something that is difficult to be measured because it is senses or feels of employee perception toward the organization which is cannot be evaluated using tools. The combination of the perceptions reflects the actual work place of the organization. Organization climate is important for the junior employees to observe and adapt. Their observation and perceptions are usually is the better reflection of the truth than senior employees. This is because senior employees perceptions are affected by many factors in the organization. A positive organization climate that set by the executives could be a motivation for employees, resulting effective and efficiency in productivity. Organization climate is determined by factors from both internal and external environment. Internal environment refers to the factors that affect the perception of the employees which occur within the organization and external environment factors are occur from outside the organization which is difficult to predict and control. In our study, we focus in the internal environment rather than external environment. Background of Banking Industry in Malaysia The banking industry had gone through constant transformation over years in keeping up the changing needs of economy. Service quality is one of the important elements to the industry evolved trend (Brown and Kleiner, 2010). Today, excellent service quality had become a crucial factor for a business survival in the present banking industry. This is because the service quality is directly influencing the competitive advantages and corporate profitability. Thus, the majority banks in Malaysia is ongoing their focus in improvement of their service quality. Nowadays, to achieve the prior competitive advantages in the banking industry, the banks must increasing their demand on providing a better service quality, lower interest rate for loan and greater beneficial for the customers. The banks need to embrace changing and response pro-actively in order to maintain its competitive advantage. In the past decade, Malaysia banking industry had been transformed significantly and undertaking the effort of restructuring, placing the financial sector to a new and stronger foundation (Adbullah, Andrew and Boo, 2010). It had successfully integrate many business process and redeployed the resources to support the growth of new areas, increased the flexibility of the financial institutions, resulting in new business opportunity. Besides that, the banking and insurance sector had provide employment to over 123, 000 Malaysia citizens. The service from the sector had benefits many industry development and encouraging development of small business. Such consumers lending had increase from RM 134 billion to RM 343 billion while loan disbursed to small and medium enterprise. The domestic banking institution is expanding, building their strong position in the local country. According to Abdullah et al (2010), there are several trends in Malaysia banking sector. First of all, the trend is the changes in global economy configuration. This trend illustrate the rapid expanding in economy of many developing country had created many business opportunity for global banking sectors. The raise in India, China and South East Asia economies have increase Asias global role. The increment in countries output had boost up the economy in Asia and as a collectively region, Asia contribute about 40% of global and one-fourth of the world trade. This is an open tremendous business opportunity for Malaysia as a part of this dynamic growing region. Secondly, the trend is the current industry is shaping towards the integration of economic and financial regions. The merger and acquisition of many domestic bank with foreign bank had help the domestic bank emerge into a new market, generating a better profit and help the local bank industry expand their target market. The investment among Asias economics is increasing the financial activities. These activities involved merger and acquisition which require fund as capital rising. Thus, financial institutions of the related region are becoming the primary source for them to obtain funds. Thirdly, the trend is the Asia region is moving towards financial integration in helping on the development of financial sector. Many financial institutions were restructuring, improving their financial system in order to attract the investors. The new services or strategies that launch were private equity, structured products, Islamic finance, hedge funds and etc. In developed countries such as America and Europe countries, their financial institutions are sustain fully managed by their strong government in terms of strong economic background, beneficial policies, better living standard and etc. Malaysia, unlikely the developed countries, which is a developing country is unable to gain total control over external environment, therefore Malaysia have to rely on better control in internal environment. Trends of Employee Engagement Employee engagement can be defined as the commitment that an employee has towards the organization, attracted and inspired by the works (Rudledge, 2005). Engaged employees will put their organization in the first place to be concerned, physically and emotionally willing to play their role as part of their organization or sometimes exceeding their duty call to contribute their effort (Seigts and Crim, 2006). They will evaluate every possible alternative to maximize the benefits of their company. In year 2008, Macey and Schneider presented a framework for understanding the elements of employee engagement, illustrating that conditions of the workplace have both a direct and indirect impact on engagement. However, employee engagement required a two-way relationship among employer and employees. Employer is responsible in building clear roles for employees to take part and also figured the best ways to motivate the employees to be engaged. The first way is to remove roadblock of employees to be engaged. This roadblock refers to those barriers such as lack of confidence, negative perceptions towards the company, demotivated factors and others. The second way is creating an engaged culture that beliefs and values are wired spread along the organization. The culture can be effective only when everyone is understood and agreed upon. The third way is to set a proper reward system that is allowing the employees to perceive what they will get as the return from the engagement. Reward is a best way to serve as a motivating factor. When employer getting along with employee, he or she should communicating rather than announcing or listening rather than surveying and paying attention rather than getting attention. Thus, engagement is implemented through persuading rather than enforcing. Besides employer, employees should also play their part to be engaged in organization. They have to set their mindset that they willing to contribute towards the organization without any complaints. They have to observe what reasons that made the employee to be engaged. According to Nitin, (2007), he outlined that the levels of employee engagement can be categorized into engaged, not engaged and actively disengaged. Engaged employees form a bond between themselves and the organization, driving it to move forwards. Not engaged employees satisfied in what they have contributed. Although they are unhappy with the organization but they will not complain about that. They are putting in time but not contributing passion in their work. The last is actively disengaged. They are not only unhappy but also trying to influence others perception and denied others accomplishments. These three categories reflect the current organization climate of a company. Many organization trying to seek a way to influence their employees become engaged, result in creating a positive organization climate. In the other hands, if not engaged employees do not being pay attention, they will slowly become actively disengaged which will result in negative impact of organization climate. Problem Statement Employee engagement has long been a concern of organization climate of its construct to engagement in organizational behavioural. In engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role performances. Employee engagement is very important to determine the future of the organization. Employee is a vital resource for nearly all organization and high performing employee is the organizations valuable asset. This mean when skill employee had started to leave the organization, it is an indication that the organization is in trouble. Nowadays, it is hard to having organization climate in an organization. There are few antecedent variables that will influence organizational climate toward banking industry such as leadership, communication, compensation, decision making and organization design. Based on the study, it revealed that older workers ages between 55 years old to 64 years old have been more loyal to their employers with a median of 9.3 years, while workers ages 25 to 34 have a median tenure of only 2.9 years. That means there is hardly possible to expect younger workers to spend their careers in one organization. They are more likely to resign in the particular organization if th ey get a better and attractive offer in other organization (Taylor, 2006). There is no one will sacrifice and perspiration in one organization without compensation, however, there is a complementary executive compensation strategy that employers should pursue, and it usually involves cash bonuses, stock awards, and deferred compensation plans. Any or all of these may be refined in a manner which are better positions the employer to seek judicial enforcement of loyalty covenants and provides for benefit forfeitures and claw-backs when disloyalty prevails. The lack of awareness regarding significant of employee commitment has caused the high turnover and uncomfortable among the employees. As you can see, some banks which are making huge profits and which have introduced performance appraisal systems do not give any rewards to the lowest category of workers whereas in the higher category they continue to give them huge bonuses (Solomon, 2010). As a result,  National Union of Bank Employees (NUBE) members began to wearing of protest badges and slogans demanding a 30% pay increase. So, there is very hard to keep employee loyalty since there are some indistinct factors that influence the loyalty of employee. Nowadays, perhaps that the importance of employee engagement has been overlooked by the banking industry and the industry is more emphasize on looking the new employees and not retain the existing skill employees. However, the replacement can actually cost a company anywhere from 35% to 50% of an hourly workers salary. Based on the research run by loyalty research centre, for a technical or professional worker, the cost can go as high as 125% of that workers salary. According to the loyalty research centre, most of the managers do not realize that how expensive to lose a good worker, those who do their jobs well and productive. For anything less than a loyal, productive worker will cost a company; which is why performance goal setting and review are so important for weeding out the bad ones; or for providing additional training and support to those who can be developed or rehabilitated. Employee turnover is extremely costly to companies with large numbers of employees. In the banking industry, employee turnover can also mean the loss of valuable customer relationships. Hence, it is good to keep the employee rather than recruit new employee. Employee engagement is growing as more important construct, driving and influencing important factors of a business. On the other words, whether the business able to survive in the market is affecting by the employee engagement. Unfortunately, many companies struggle with measuring and improving engagement levels in their organization. Therefore, it is important for companies to have a strong understanding of engagement in order for them to be successful in improving the level of engagement. This study will look at best practices that companies can use to measure and use engagement data as their advantages. Overall, the purpose of this study is to find out where the lacuna is and to try and find what corrective measures can be taken to reserve this undesirable trend. The engagement levels of the entry level employees were observed. Besides that, various factors considered, and thereafter the attempt to address the problem of reducing the turnover level was undertaken. Research Objectives General Objective The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship of organization climate towards employee engagement in banking industry. Specific Objective To examine the impact and relationship of organization climate which are the leadership, communication, compensation, decision making and organization design towards employee engagement. Research Questions Answer all these question will give more understanding of the dimensions in organizational climate underlying the foundation of employee engagement in banking industry. Does the leadership significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the communication significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the compensation significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the decision making significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the organization design significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the organization climate associate with employee engagement? Hypotheses of the Study H1: There is significant positive relationship between leadership and employee engagement. H2: There is significant positive relationship between communication and employee engagement. H3: There is significant positive relationship between compensation and employee engagement. H4: There is significant positive relationship between decision making and employee engagement. H5: There is significant positive relationship between organizational design and employee engagement. H6: There is significant positive relationship between organizational climate and employee engagement Significance of the Study The main importance and contribution of this research is to improve the awareness and knowledge about employee engagement in private corporate, which is commercial bank. First, this research enables banks allocate in Malaysia to further study on employee engagement with factors that will lead to the loyalty of their employees. By conducting this research, it will recommend the banks effective ways of employee engagement in banking industry. Organizational performance and retention can have a greater impact on an organizations profitability. Therefore, the managers of the particular banks will find out what resources and benefits are most desired by employees and lead to satisfaction and loyalty in that organization by considering on the five dimensions of organization climate of this research and hence make the employer to retain the talented employees. There is hardly possible for corporate researcher to do such study on organizational climate and its influence towards employee engagement in banking industry, so we decided to do such research in order to help the corporate researchers and higher education institution to have better understanding on it as well as serve as a base for the future research towards banking industry. Other than banking industry, it also helps to improve higher education institution interests and concern in employee engagement in other industry. Then, our research studied on employee engagement is also very significant for government that who act as a policy maker. It enables government to uses the research to as the guidelines to amend the policy if necessary to enhance the employee engagement in the banking industry. For example, the current compensation benefit is likely unfair to the employee. Therefore, the government could amend the current policy to be more better, which that the employee will feel more satisfy to it. Chapter Layout This paper is organized into 5 chapters namely introduction, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and discussions, conclusion and implication. Chapter 1: Introduction In this chapter, we will explain the background of our study and clarify the research problems. Then, we will outline our research objectives and questions that to be answer by our result of research. The significant of study explain who will be benefit after reading our project. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter aims to review the critical points of published and unpublished information on the basis of secondary data on the topic. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source in a clear and logical manner. The aid of theoretical framework and theoretical model will be discuss in this chapter, enables a more understandable problem in this research. Chapter 3: Methodology This chapter encompasses the process of data gathering procedures. This chapter also will discuss the sampling design, data collection methods, sampling design, operational definitions of constructs, measurements scales, and method of data analysis. Chapter 4: Data Analysis This chapter provides the understanding on how data is being analyzed and how the survey data relate to the research questions. This chapter provides the analysis of the related hypotheses. Chapter 5: Discussions, Conclusion and Implication This chapter provides the linkage of all chapters. Also there will be discussions, conclusion and implication of this study. This chapter also will cover the statistical analysis, discussion and limitation of the study. Finally, recommendations and conclusion will be done for the whole research project. 1.8 Conclusion In first chapter, we introduce our topic starting with research background, developed our research problem statements, objectives of our study and also the research question. From the information gathered, we developed the hypothesis of our study.